Computing attachment for type-writers.



W. WRIGHT.

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT FOR TYPE WRITERS.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. I7l |908.

EN w

W. WRIGHT.

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT FOR TYPE WRITERS.

APPucATloN mio 11111.17. 190s.

@am wwf COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH C0.. WAsMlNnrDN. D. o4

W. WRIGHT.

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT FOR TYPE WRITERS.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 17. |908.

Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

COLUMBIA PLANounAPM Cc.,wAsH|NuTDN, D, C.

W. WRIGHT.

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT FOR TYPE WRITERS.

APPucATloN FILED mm1, 190s.

1 ,1 62,730. Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOR, maar Mq,

ATTORNEY.

COLUMBIA PLANQGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, u. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER WRIGHT, 0F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMPUTING ATTACHMENT FOR TYPE-WRITERS.

Application filed January 17, 1908.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VALTER WRIGHT, a citizen of Great Britain, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Computing At tachments for Type-V'Vriters, of which the following is a specification.

Cne of the objects of the present invention is to improve the means whereby the number of digit wheels are driven by a source of power controlled by the numeral keys. I connect the master wheel (or digitwheel actuator) to the source of power, which may be in the form of a motor, preferably an electric motor. The master wheel is also connected to a device whereby its movements are determined or controlled. the controller being in the nature of an index-wheel that is controlled by the numeral keys; the index-wheel having a circular series of settable pins, bolts or other indexing devices, which, by means of said keys, may be set or projected from the wheel, and then employed to limit the stroke of the index wheel and the master wheel. The index pins are normally stationary, and in register with a circular series of jacks or setting devices, which are mounted upon the machine fratrie and connected to the numeral keys, whereby any key may set the necessary index pin on said index\vheel. The pin, after it is set, may cooperate in any suitable way with other devices to limit the stroke of the index-wheel. The coperating mechanism illustrated herein comprises a pinion which is driven by the projected index-pin, and an escapement device which is connected to said pinion; the escapement device being also under the control of said numeral keys. Hence when any key is depressed, a corresponding index pin is projected, and at the same time the pinion is released, and hence the motor is permitted to turn the index-wheel until the projected pin strikes the pinion, whereby it is arrested. The master wheel, of course, turns correspondingly with the index-wheel.

The escapement mechanism preferably comprises a large diameter escapement wheel connected with the pinion, and suitable escapement dogs or pawls to control the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 30, 1915.

serial No. 411,245.

movements of the escapement wheel. A universal bar controls said escapement dogs or pawls, and is itself connected to be operated by any of the numeral keys. Said index-wheel and said escapement wheel may be regarded as having the relation of primary and secondary escapement wheels; since the dogs let odl the secondary escapement wheel, and since the latter lets ott the index-wheel, at the key strokes.

In using the improvements in a type- Writing machine, the indexing mechanism may be placed at one side of the machine, and Connections may extend up from the keys and transversely over the key levers to said indexing mechanism, thus making the machine compact, and adapting the improvements to be applied readilv to existing types of typewriting machines.

The motor may be connected in various ways, but is herein illustrated as running continuously and as having a slip-connec tion to the computing mechanism.` whereby the latter may be under constant torque. The action of the computing mechanism is therefore very prompt. The resistance of the numeral keys to the touch of the operator is very light.

Vhen it is desired to write igures in the computing zone without operating the computing mechanism, the connections which extend from the keys to the indexing mechanism may be disconnected. This may be done by pressing down a silencing key; and a separate key provided for restoring the connection. It is usual in typewriting machines to provide a case-shift mechanism. which enables other characters to be printed than numerals; and said case-shift mechanism is connected up by improved means, to release the several key connections whenever the numeral types are not to be printed.

Another feature of the present improvements consists broadly in provision, in a machine in which the digit wheels are rotated one after another at the striking of the keys, of means operated by the digit Wheels for initiating the carry-over operation of each wheel to the next higher wheel, and a driver or means distinct from the digit wheels themselves for completing .the carry-over operation, or at least for assiste ing or boosting the carry-over devices; this driver being preferably connected to be driven by a separate source of power from the keys themselves, and, in the present instance, being connected to be rotated directly by said motor independently of said slip connection, so as always to be ready to take part in the carry-over operation, and to operate after the conclusion of the movement of the initiating digitwheel. The driver in the present instance is illustrated in the form of a soft rubber or yielding roll, which extends along a row of carry-over pinions, the latter being normally out of engagement with this driver roll, but movable into engagement therewith by the rotation of the associated digit wheel from 9 There is illustrated in the present instance. a multiple-length adding head or totalizer. of the type shown in the patent granted to me. Xo. 1,095,060, April 28, 1914. This computing head is herein divided up by partitions into groups, means being provided to extend through the partitions to enable carry-over operations to be performed between the wheels which adjoin the partitions. Each group of three wheels is divided b v a regular typewriting space from. and yet operatively connected with and capable of transferring accumulations of the tens (or carry-over) to the first wheel of the next group of three counting wheels to the left; and this principle is employed throughout for the full length of the writing line or width of the typewriter carriage. where the mrdtiple-length computing head or totalizer is of such dimensions. The invention, however, is not limited, as to cern tain of its features, to use of a multiplelength totali/1er. l't is not always necessary that the main totalizing means should comprise an array of digit wheels all of which are connected up by a continuous train of carrymechanism, since it is known that a series of columns written side by side can be added by means of groups of digit wheels, which groups need not be inter-connected.

The master wheel is shown as mounted on a tubular support. through which extends the master wheel shaft itself; and the digit wheels are preferably mounted directly on said tubular support. to slide therealong as the typewriter carriage travels.

Provision is made to enable said motor. which preferably rotates always in the same direction, to drive the master wheel in opposite directions. as well as the carry-over driver. Hence the totalizer may be re-set to zero by the act of writing the total on the work-sheet.

Another feature of the present invention resides in the provision of means for effecting cross-computation. For this purpose an additional totalizer is provided, in which can be accumulated the numbers that are run into various portions of the main totaliZer mechanism. In other words, while columns that are written side by side on a work-sheet are being added by the main computing meansI provided for that purpose, the sum of the numbers appearing in the various columns on each successive typewriting line may be added up by the crosscomputer. This is shown as a separate totalizer, connected to the vertical adding means. and operated in this instance by a succession of master wheels placed at desired intervals along the run of the carriage, to correspond with the positioning of the written columns on the work-sheet. These cross-adding master wheels are all carried by a shaft which is inclosed in tubular sections, the latter serving as spacers for the master wheels. As explained in said patent, the multiple-length totalizer may be split up in various ways at various parts thereof, and, according to the present invention, cross'computation may be performed in connection with the addition of columns on the main totalizer so split up. The machine will compute and retain the totals of each and all of the columns, limited in number only by the width of said columns and the length of the writing line for which the writing` machine is equipped, besides computing and registering automatically cross-footings or cross totals.

Preferably the cross-computing totalizer is placed in a tandem arrangement with re spect to the main totalizer. the wheels of one totalizer thus preferably having an edge-toedge arrangement with respect to the wheels of the other totalizer. as distinguished from the side-by-side arrangement which thev would have if the totalizers were coaxial. The master wheel shafts accordingly have the arrangement of main and counter shafts. and they are connected by a common driver. Provision is made for causing either master wheel either to add, subtract, or be neutral` while the other master wheel is either adding. subtracting. or neutral, thus permitting a wide range of work to be performed. This is preferably done by a shiftable device which is arranged between the master wheel shafts; and the main drive shaft preferably turns always in the same direction. The shiftable device for each of the totalizers is shifted by means of a handle which also controls the direction of rotation of the separate powerdriven driver for the carry-over operations. After the mechanisms are adjusted for simultaneous addition and subtraction, or for addition on one totalizer while the other remains neutral, it is feasible to silence the computing mechanism without disturbing such adjustment.

(i ti Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear; and certain of the improvements ma;7 he applied to other machines than combined typewriting and computing machines.

Certain teatures herein claimed are disclosed in my co-pending application No. 2388,7(313, tiled August 16, 1907. The claims in the present application are suiiicientlv broad to cm er said features; but the claims in said co-pending application will be limited to tentures not specific-alliv disclosed in this application.

In the accompanying drawingl Figure 1 is a. front view, partly in Section, of a typewriting machine equipped with my invention; Fig. 2 is a broken top plan view of the numeral keys; Fig. 3 is a broken sectional view showing the computing or master wheel shaft; Fig. 4: is a similar view showing the upper transfer or tens-carrying;n assisting shaft; Fig. 5 is a similar View showing the lower or horizontal computing or master wheel sha'lt; Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of one ot the sleeves on the latter; Fig. 7 is a broken perspective view showing the kei' connections; Figi. 8 is a longitudinal sectiona1 view ot' the controllingy mechanism; Fig. is a sectional view at right angles to Figi. S; lig. 10 is a broken perspective view oit' the saine; Fig. 11 is a part-sectional elevation of the index-wheel and pinion; Fig'. 12 is an enlarged vertical section of the computing carriage; Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the lower portion ot' said carriage, looking` troni the opposite direction to that of Fig. 12; 1-1 is a loroken front view of the upper portion of the carriage; Fig. .15 is a perspective view of a (':omputinn' wheel; Figi'. 16 is a sectional view ot the third conniutingr wheel ot a group: Fig. 17 is a iiierspectire riew ot a transfer wheel; Fifi. 1S is a similar View ot the third transfer a heel ot a group; Fin. 1) is a similar view of an auiiliarv transfer wheel: Wig. 20 is a vertical senti n of the upper portion of the carriage. sl'iowing a modification ot the third wheel: Fig. Q1 is a perspective view of a modified torni oit a third transfer wheel; Fig. 2Q is a side view oit the machine equipped with niv invention: Fig. 1,3 is a horizontal sect-ion ot a portion thereof: Fig. is a horiaontai section ot the reversing' mechanism: Fier. @i is a vertical section of the same: Fic. Qi? a view similar to Fin. Qlof the rerc sinf mechanism tor the transter shaft: Fia'. 27 a sectional view ot` a detail ot the rerersin! mechanism.

fl'hJciWicnt--The drawings show the invent-ion ng applied to an lrlnderwood tvpewritinf machine. hrV it is to he understood that` vwith suitaltfe changes. it mav he applied to a tvpewritini machine of anv standard construction. and also that the invention mai be embodied in the torno of a computing machine complete in itself, and not attached to a typevvriting machine.

Key connections-Secured to the frame l of the tvpewriting machine is a` vertical plate 2. extending longitudinali)7 of the machine over the ke'v levers 3 (Fig. 1); and, secured upon theI front ot' said plate Q. are guides J.- t'or a slide loar 5, Figs. 1 and 7 one end ot' which is formed with two notches 6, into either ot which can sprinn a loent springT arm T. therelov `vieldiinrl)7 maintaining said bar in either ol two positions. The longitudinal movement oi'A this bar, in the manner to be presentlyY .lescribed. simultaneousl)Y connects all the numeral ker levers with the computin mechanism. To ino-ve said bar longitudinally, its otherl end is formed with a recess 8, into which extends an arm 9 on a rock shaft .10. 7) to which is secured a douhle bell crank lever 111 to one end of which is connected a hanger hook l2 which norrnallv enters a hole in a collar 1l on the lever l5 of the shift key 16 of the n'iachine. The machine shown is what is known as a shift kev" machine. in which each tvpe bar carries tiro type. of which one prints normallv and the other onlv when the shift key is depressed. ln said Underwood machine said shift kev 1t. when depressed. elevates the platen i'iraine 16": to enahle the capital types to print. ill ot the nine digits are arranged in the tvpewriting machine to correspond to what is known as the lower case" characters of the top row oit keys 3, so that theiY mav he printed b v said keys without using the shitt ker. Since some other character than a numeral is also carried on each nun'ieral type har. therefore. it the shift key is used.y and a numeral kev operated. said other character is then print.. ed. lt is therefore desirable at that time to throw the computing mechanism out ot ac,- tion. lipon depressing the shift liev 1G, th:` slide loar 5 is evidentl'v nioved to the right. and. as will presentlv appear. this has the effect ot autoinaticallv disconnecting.lr the nun meral kev lerers from an)v part of the computin@` mechanism. so that when anyv nunieral kef is used tor the i'iurpose ot unitingr an upper case" character this is always done without thc actuation ot the computingY mechanism. liv the return ot the shift key. said slide har 7 is ino-red to the lett. which then airain connects the computingr mechanism with the immoral kevs, so that when anv one ot thein is depressed the cfnni'iuting; mechanism will he actuated. rilhrougl'h apertures 1i' in said slide oar 3 pass links 1h. one for each nlnueral keV. harinar hookshaped lower ends adapted hv the movement ot' said har to he ino-ved into or out ot enlstatement with apertured collars v19 secured upon the levers 3 oit the nine numeral kevs. Fach link 1S is connected at its upper end to a bell crank lever 2l. another arm of which is connected to a wire rod 22, all of said nine connecting rods 2Q passing through a ring 23 (Figs. 8 and 9), secured to the plate said rods being connected respectively to blocks 2lconnected to levers 25 pivotally supported by said ring 23. Thus, upon depressing any7 one ot the numeral keys, the outer end ot' the corresponding lever Q5 is moved to the right. The object ot this arrangen'ient is to selectively control the action of the computing apparatus` hereinafter described.

In order to operate the numeral keys without actuating the computing mechanism, when desired, there is provided an Out kev Q6, (Figs. 1 and '7), the stem of which kev is connected 'to a bell crank lever 27. loose on the rock shaft 10, and having secured thereto a spring 28 adapted to engage an abutment 2f) extending from a depending arm ot the bell crank lever 11.

A link S0 is connected to the lever Q7 and to the hanger bar 12, so that the first movement of said lever 27 has the effect of withdrawing the hook 12 out of the hole in the collar on the shit't kev lever. As this takes place, the springl 2S is compressed between the lever Q7 and the abutment 29. When said spring can no longer yield, the lever 27, acting against the abutment 29, causes the rock shaft 10 to rock, so that the slide bar 5 is moved to the right, against the action ot the retaining spring 7, which then drops into the lett one of the two notches 6. so that the operation ot the shift key has now no ell'ect whatever upon the connecting or disconnecting ot' the numeral keys with the computing mechanism. To render the key connections again operative, there is provided an in key 31, the stem ot' which is connected to tht` lover 11, so that the depression ot said key 231 moves the slide bar to the left. The spring 28 then restores the key 26 to its normal position, so that the hook 12 again enters the hole ot' the collar 14 on the shift key lever.

ln order that the end ot the hanger-hook l2 may at no time be permitted to hook under the collar 14. the collar 1l is illustrated in Fig. T as extending downwardly to a point -somewhat below the lower end of the vertical stroke ot said hooked end.

The hooks on the links 18 are guided in their movement longitudinally ot' the apparatus, by their bearings in apertures 1,7 in the slide bar which slides in guides 4 fixed to the lixed plate il.

rThe hanger hook 1;) may be prevented trom swinging 'forwardly and rearwardly ot' the machine. by suitable terms of connections at its jnnction with bell-crank 11 and link B0 and by suitable connections between link 30 and bell-crank 2T. so that the hooked end ot' the hanger-hook 1Q will always be in the proper lvertical plane (longitudinally of the machine) to enter the aperture in the collar 14; or, if preferred, a suitable bracket 12J1 (Figs. 1 and 7) may be provided for keeping the hanger-hook 12 in this plan-e.

lnasmuch as numeral keys are arranged in an ordinary typewriter to cause the writing of not only numerals, but also characters other than numerals, shitting means being provided for determining what characters are to be written at the actuation of the numeral keys, I have also provided the described devices, to be controlled by said shifting mechanism, for automatically disconnecting the computing` mechanism from the numeral keys, to enable the latter to write characters other than numerals without actuating the indexing or valuating mechanism. Moreover. when the Out key 26 is employed t'or disconnecting' the computing mechanism from the numeral keys, the case-shifting means is also disconnected from the computing mechanism: and it will be seen that the disconnection ot' the computing mechanism from the numeral keys need not occur until the computingr mechanism has been disconnected from the easeshifting means. This is done b v the described yielding device. rthe case-shift key. when disconnected, may be freely operated without liability ot connecting the computing mechanism to the numeral keys. 'lhe springl 7 is arranged to oppose the movement ot' the independent controlling device 5 away from either of its limiting positions; said spring maintaining temporarily either the connection or the disconnection. It will be noted that the invention includes power mechanism for operating the computing or registering mechanism, means operable by the keys and including the universal bar 51 operable by every numeral key. for governing said power mechanism. and means for breaking and restoring the connections between the keys and said universal bar .31.

UomroZZcr.-Secured on the right hand side of the frame of the typewriting machine is a bracket 38, Fig. 1, supporting a vertical plate 3l, carrying posts 35, supporting a guide plate 36, having a circular series ot' holes. through which extend the ends of nine pusher rods 3T, Figs. S and 9 pivotally attached to the several bell crank levers Having its bearing in the. plate 3l is a shaft 38, of a controller 39, which, as will be presently described, is under constant roA tational pressure. Stop bolts lo, of which there should be not less than ten. slide in a circular series of slideways l1 in said controller. which slideways register with the pusher rods, and said bolts project to the left of said controller normally, and until they are displaced by the action ot the pusher rods 3T. An annular coiled spring l2, which surrounds the controller in a groove therein deep enough to intersect the slideways for the bolts, and which is adapted to engage one or the other of two grooves 43 formed in cach bolt, yieldingly maintains the bolts in the positions to which they have been moved. Yilhen any numeral key has been operated, and the corresponding pusher rod moved through the guide plate, its end impinges upon the end of a stop boltprojecting from the left hand side of the controller and moves said stop bolt to the right, so that its other end then projects from the right hand side of said controller, and said stop bolt, thns projecting, will therefore impinge against a stop wheel 44 and arrest the controller, when the latter, after being rel ased, by escapement mechanism to be presently described, has rotated through an angular distance which depends upon the position of the bolt which has last been so actuated, and therefore upon the particular pusher rod and the particular nnmeral key lever 'which have last been operated. ,Vhen the controller so rotates, the projecting end of the last previously proliected stopbolt then, by means of a cam or wedge on the plate 34, and located in the path of the projectingl stop bolt, returned lo its normal position. in which it projects from said controller to the left instead of to the right, and it is retained in that position by the annular coiled spring.

Esca/)ement -ecured upon the .front Side of said plate is a guideway 46 for stem 47 (Figs. 8 and 9) the other end of which is pivotally connected to a lever 48 pivoted at 49 upon the ring 2?. to the other arm of which lever is secured a spring 50, which normally tends to draw .said arm to the left, and therefore said stem to the right. Said stem carries a, dish El, and all of the rods pass through holes in said disk.

When any mnnerl l lley has been operated, and thereby the c-arespcnding rod moved to the left, `he block illhy which it is connected to the bell cranl; lever then abuts against said disk, and carries said disk with it to the left, thus rocking the lever 48. The long arm of said lever is connected at its extreme end lay a linlf, 52 with an arm 53 on an escapement shaft 5l, so that, by said movement of said lever, said escapement shaft is rocked. Said escapement shaft carries, adiustably, two disks 5i?, 5G, spaced apart a slnrt distance, and having respectively formed in their edges notches or recesses 57, 58, offset from each other. Through said plate 34 passes a stop shaft 5i), (Figs. 9, 10 and ll) wh'ch on the left side of said plate Iii. carries the before-mentioned stop Wheel 44, which is star-shaped, having points, any one of 1which is adapted te lie in the path of a holt in the crntrtller, which has been pro- Aiected to the right, and arrest said controller if said stop shalt is then itself held fast and non-rotatable. Secured upon the end of said stop shaft upon the right hand side of the plate 34 is a large star wheel (l0, having the same number of points as the `wheel 44, a point of which star wheel normally abuts against the first or rear dish 55. Therefore, when any numeral key has been actuated, and thereby the escapemcnt shaft 54 rocked, the disl; 55 is thereby moved until the notch 5T therein comes opposite` to the point of the large star wheel (3l), which can then immediately pass through said recess. rfhis it immediately does, because, as already mentioned, the controller shaft is under constant rotational pressure, so that the previously projected bolt is pressing against a point of the stop wheel 44, tending to turn it, and the shaft 59, and the star wheel G0. After said point has passed through said notch 57, it then abuts against the second dish 56, and the stop shaft is again held from further rotation. The slight movement thus given to the stop wheel 44 allows the bolt arrested thereby to move a very slight distance only. rlhen, upon the release of the numeral hey, the escapement shaft 54 returns to its original position, in which position the recess 58 in the second disk now comes opposite to the said point of the large star wheel 60, which thereupon escapes therethrough, under the pressure of the stop bolt on an arm of the stop wheel 44. This Pres- Isure rotates the stop shaft 59, so that the next succeeding arm of the stop wheel is brought into the path of the last projected bolt, which then impinges against said latter arm, thus continuing the rotational pressure on the stop shaft rotating said shaft until the next succeeding point of the large star wheel t3() is brought up against the first cscapemcnt disk 55, and the parts are then again in their normal position, ready for another operation. lt will thus be seen that the extent of movement of the controller shaft is dependent upon the angular position, relatively to the stop wheel, of the pusher rod actuated, and therefore upon the particular numeral key which is operated. rfhe mechanism just described maybe termed the valuating or indexing mechanism, in that it determines the extent of action of the coniputing mechanism to correspond with the numeral keys actuated.

The members 5G, may be termed escapement dogs, and the wheel 60 may be regarded as secondary to the controller or index wheel 3G, which may be regarded as a primary escapcment wheel. The setting devices or jacks 37 are stationary upon thc machine frame, and connected to the keys to set the escapement teeth or indexing devices, which are shown in the form of bolts 4.0, to protrude from the wheel 39 at the opposite side from the jacks lVhen protruded, these devices act as pins or teeth to drive the pinion 44, connected to the secondary escape- Cri ment wheel G0, controlled by the dog or feed device 55, 56, operated by the universal bar 51. lhe escapement wheel 60 is of substantially larger diameter than pinion 4l, to reduce the pressure on the escapement dog device 55, 5G, and minimize the resistance of the keys to the touch of the operator. The movement of the computing shaft 10i or 91 is arrested while the motor is still in movement, because the tooth of the wheel strikes the arresting disk or dog 55, 56; but the return movement of the numeral key withdraws said arresting device 56, to permit said shaft to be rotated by said motor. Each of the stop-bolts or indexing devices l0. after escaping from the pinion 4l, is temporarily passive, that is, is out of range of any of the jacks Si". This gives said indexing devices opportunity to be restored to normal positions by the cam The device 55, 5G is a key-controlled locking means for preventing the rotation of the master wheel 92 by the motor, thc slip or loose connection at 66 permitting the motor to rotate while said locking means is effective.

Drz'fvz'ng.-lt has been already mentioned that the controller shaft is under constant rotational pressure, tending to rotate said shaft whenever released by the escapement mechanism. This rotational pressure is derived from any suitable motor, and for the purpose of illustration l have herein shown an electric motor (31. (Figs. 1, and 23.) The shaft 62 of said motor has secured thereon a head (53, to which are pivoted three weighted governor arms (Si, the ends of said arms being adapted to bear against the inner surface of a cup-shaped head 66 secured upon a shaft 57, so that said arms rotate said shaft by their friction against said inner surface. Said shaft has secured thereon a bevel gear 38 which meshes with a bevel gear 69 on a shaft T0 which extends through the plate 3l. and carries on its outer end a gear wheel 'Tl which meshes with au idle wheel 72 which in turn meshes with a gear wheel 73 upon the controller shaft. lt is by this means that the controller shaft is given a constant rotational pressure, always in the same direction, rotating the same whenever released.

Computing mcciwnsm-wThe carriage 74 of the computing mechanism Figs. 1 and l2 comprises end plates 75, partitions 76, live of which partitions are extended downward. as shown at 76X, to form end plates and partitions of a short lower and secondary portion of the computing Carriage, two longitudinal bars 78, for the upper main portion of the carriage, two short longitudinal bars 7 8X, for the lower secondary portion of the carriage, a casing inclosing the mecha nism, cut away to form upper and lower longitudinal slots 81, 81X7 through which the two series of figures are displayed. This computing carriage is supported from the paper carriage 83 by means of arms 8l extending froni said paper carriage. lt is guided, so that it will travel easil)Y and without friction, by means of a central wheel 85, which runs in a guideway to secured to the frame of the typewriting ma chine.

The main or upper portion of the computing carriage is made -inst suliiciently large to contain main computing devices in a series corresponding in length with the typewriting line of the machine. But the lower portion of the carriage is much shorter, being only of a length suliicient to compute the total of the largest single column of figures ordinarily required. lt is to be understeod, however, that the magnitudes of the upper and lower portions of the carriage are not restricted to those shown herein. as they may be varied to suit different refpiirements.

Upon the left hand end of the frame of the machine is secured a bracket 87 which supports a` plate 88, at a distance from the plate 34 not less than the length of the cour puting carriage plus the distance through which the paper carriage travels. Between said plates 88 and 34 extend two tubes H2), 90, Figs. 1 and 3 the outer ends of which are loosely mounted in sockets in said plates respectively. Within the tube HO on the right extends a square computing or master wheel shaft 91, which, at the right hand end. passes through the plate 3l, and has secured thereon means, to be. presently described, for rotating said shaft 91, and, at the left hand end, is formed with a ring 02 of the same diameter as the two tubes 89, 90, and lying between the inner end of said tubes, said shaft being also formed, at the sides of said ring, with circular, hub-like portions 92%, upon which the inner ends of the tub-cs are supported. Thus the square computing shaft rotates within the tube on the right, and its hub 93 on the extreme end thereof rotates within the tube. 89 on the left. The tubes and shaft a not capable of any longitudinal moven'ient. but the tubes are confined between the plates 88 and "rl. Upon said tubes, and within the carriage, travel a series of computing wheels 93. each computing wheel being formed in the middle as an internal gear wheel, having ten recesses or notches 9G, and the ring 92 has, projecting therefrom, two diametricall).v opposite pins 97, which are adapted to enter any diametrically opposite pair of the ten notches 96, and thus serve as a master wheel to directly rotate that computing wheel only` which is immediately over said ring. The tubes 89, 90, are of such length. and so ar-v ranged, that the ring 92 carrying the driving pins 97 is substantiallyv in the same vertical plane as the writing point of the typewriter. Each computing wheel is formed llli with eXternal gear teeth 98 which mesh with gear teeth 99 formed at the side of a. corresponding figure wheel 100, said figure wheels being all loosely mounted upon a hollow shaft 101 which extends between the end plates of the carriage. Therefore, if the computing shaft is rotated through any given angular distance, the figure wheel, which is immediately over, or in the same vertical plane as, said ring 92 on said computing shaft, is correspondingly rotated The secondary portion of the computingr mecl'ranism is in general similar to the main portion. It has a square computing shaft 91X or master wheel. (Figs. 1, 12 and 13) which extends from the plate 34 to an arm 10Q at the left hand side of the main frame 1 of the machine. Instead, however, of il: :ing only one ring 92 and pins 97 thereon, fixed upon said shaft, it has a series of sleeves 92e, each having a pair of pins 97X 'thereon and a square opening therethrough so that it will fit snugly upon the square shaft 91X and rotate therewith thus forming a series of spaced master wheels. Each sleeve has also at each side a hub 93X upon which rests the end of a tube 90` intervening between said sleeve and the neXt adjacent sleeve. The tubes 90X serve to adjustably maintain the sleeves 92X in place. By removing the retaining plate at the left of the arm 102 in Fig. 1, disconnecting the shaft 91* from gear 103K, and removing said shaft leftward through the arm 102, the tubes 90 may be removed and replaced by longer or shorter tubes to vary the distance between the sleeves. the longitudinal posi tion of which sleeves can be thus varied and the number of pairs of driving pins or master wheels increased or decreased aceordingly, the lengths of the tubes 90X determining the distance between the successive sleeves 9? and thus regulating the number of different columns that can be added horizontally, as hereinafter explained.

lfrecisely in the same manner as in the main computing mechanism, the secondary computing mechanism has a series of computing wheels and figure wheels 100 (Figs. 1Q and 13) driven from the computing wheels.

.ldfHf/m am] su?)traction- The computing shafts 91. 91X, have respectively secured upon the ends projecting 'through the plate :il bevel gears 103. 103x, which are adapted to be driven l a vertical shaft v104. (Figs. 1. Q4 and 25) having at the lower end a bevel gear 105. driven by a bevel gear 100 upon a boriJ/.on'tal shaft 107 having a bevel gear 10h. driven by a bevel gear 109 upon the controller shaft. lVhen said controller shaft has been released by the depression of the numeral key and rotates through an angular distance corresponding to the numeral key depressed, said rotation is transmitted to the vertical shaft 104 and thence to the shafts 91, 91.*, selectively in one or the other direction by means of slidingl clutches 110, 110x, slidable upon said vertical shaft 101 but rotating therewith. By means of a lever 111 the clutch 110 is adapted to be brought into operative engagement with either of two bevel gears 11'25, 112s. loose on the shaft 101 and always in engagement with the bevel gear 103. lf said lever is moved upward, then the clutch 110 is moved into engagement with a clutch member, formed within the upper bevel gear 11Qa and causes the same to rotate with the vertical shaft 101. thereby rotating the computing shaft 91 in the direction proper for addition. lf said lever is moved down ward, the clutch 110 en era ges the clutch member of the lower bevel gear 112s and rotates the shaft 91 oppositely to its former direction. causing the computing wheels to subtract. lf said lever is moved to a mediate position. the clutch 110 is out of engage-- ment. and the computing shaft 91 does not rotate. ln order to retain the lever 111 in any position to which it has been moved there provided a loop 113, (Figs. 22 and Q7) secured to the front edge of the plate S4, having three notches 114 adapted to selectively receive the edge of the lever. the lever having sufficient lateral spring pressure to retain it in either notch.

119/3. 112. 111x, 112V, 114x, indicate parts for the secondary mecl'lanism corresponding to the parts 112. 1.12, 111. 113, 114. 0f the main mechanism.

Transfer mech/miam.vllpon the left side of each computing wheel 95.. near the periphery. is formed a single lug or pin 113. and each time thatI said wheel makes a complete revolution, said pin engages one of four teeth of a primary transfer wheel 110. loose on a shaft 117` which wheel has formed, on. the left hand side. gear teeth 118 which mesh with the external gear teeth 9S on the right hand side of the neXt computing wheel 95 to the left. Thereby said wheel on the left is partly rotated through one-tenth ol' a revolution. Qaid external gear teeth 9S of the computing' wheel also mesh with teeth on an auxiliary transfer wheel 119 which has also secured thereon a live-sided wheel 120. each such side being concave in an are of a circle of slightly greater diameter than that of a tansfer cylinder 123. @aid transfer cylinder 195i. as hereinafter described. constantly rotates and bas a central metallic sha ft 1'21 and a body portion 12?). preferably of a rubber or similar resilient material. The rubber portion of the transfer cylinder begins at. or opposite to, the driving pins 97 upon the computing shaft. and extendsl a distance to the left corresponding to tht magnitude of the maximum total it is desired to compute.

When, by the advance of the lug 115, in the manner just explained, the auxiliary transfer wheel 119 has been moved through a distance corresponding to a part of onetenth of a revolution of the computing wheel, it is then in such a position that one of its projecting portions 124, between two adjacent concave sides, has been forced into sufiiciently close contact with the body of the constantly rotating transfer cylinder 123, and is rotated with the latter, until its next concave side, in turn, assumes a position over the rubber body of the transfer shaft without being in Contact with it.

The transfer shaft 121 at one end passes through the plate 34 and at the other end is supported by the arm 102, and the end plates and partitions of the computing mechanism are cut away to pass said arm. It has no longitudinal movement, but has a constant rotary movement, which is derived from the electric motor, by means of a gear wheel 125 (Fig. on the shaft of the motor, meshing with an idle gear wheel 126, which in turn meshes with a gear wheel 12T (Fig. on a shaft 107l carrying a bevel gear 106 which meshes with a bevel gear 105 on a vertical shaft 104 with which cooperate parts similar in their general construction aud arrangement to those immediately cooperating with the vertical shaft 104, except as to the form of the clutch sleeve 110, which in this case only has a pair of teeth instead of a number thereof on each side the reason being that said shaft 10-1 revolves constantly at a rapid speed, and, when the direction of computation is changed, this must be done while said shaft 104: is in motion, whereas, with the computing shaft 91 the direction of motion is never changed except when the shaft 104- is at rest. By arranging the clutch mechanism for the computingl shaft and for the transfer shaft to be actuated by a common lever 111, it is insured that the transfer shaft will always be rotated in unison with the computing shaft. lt will be seen that all of the computing devices contained in the main computing carriage are operatively connected throughout the entire series, so that the whole series can be used for a single column or for a variable number of independent columns.

Independent denominational computa- 'ion.-l`he above construction and arrangement of computing wheels, carrying wheels, and transfer shaft constitute what is believed to be a novel form of computing mechanism for machines, such as adding machines, in which rotary impulse is imparted directly to a series of devices in succession, correspondingl to the several denominational values of the computing mechanism. In a mere registering mechanism, such as a cyelometer, in which the direct rotary movement is always imparted to the terminal member of the group of computing devices, and the other devices of the group are merely for the purpose of accumulating the movements thus imparted, it is possible for all of said devices to be connected for carrying by a continuous train of. gearing. But in mechanisms like the present, in which it is necessary to add directly, not only units, but also tens, hundreds, and so on, such a continuous train of gearing is inadmissible. For instance, suppose it were attempted to compute with devices so connected, and the tens device stood at 9, and then an addition were made to the device corresponding to the hundreds column, the effect would be to rotate, not only the said device, but also the device of the tens column. The reason for this is that, when the tens wheel stands at 9, its carrying7 tooth is necessarily in contact with the teeth, or similar devices, of the hundreds wheel or of the carrying wheel therefor, and, if the wheels are connected in a continuous train, any motion of the latter will therefore produce a corresponding motion of the former. ll'ith the present construction this difliculty is avoided in the following manner: 1t should first be remembered that each computing wheel is positively geared with its carrying wheel on the right, that is, the carrying wheel which connects it with the next computing wheel on the right, but its only connection with its carrying wheel on the left, which carries to the next computing wheel on the left, is through its carrying tooth. Therefore, each time that a computing wheel is rotated, its carrying wheel on the right, geared thereto, will also be rotated, but the latter wheel will not rotate the next computing wheel on the right, even though said next computing wheel, on the right be standing with its carrying tooth at the position corresponding to the display of the figure 9 in addition, or 0" in subtraction. For, when a computing wheel stands in this position, the four teeth of the carrying wheel 116 on the left can freely rotate without coming in contact with the carrying tooth 115. Consequently, there is no rotation transmitted from a computing wheel on the left to a computing wheel on the right through the carrying wheel. Since, however, the carrying` tooth 115 of a computing wheel, when either at 0, or at O, is in such a position that the carrying wheel does not engage the same when said carrying wheel rotates in either direction, it is evident that said computing wheel has considerable lost motion. in moving from 9 to 0 or 0 to 9, before it can be brought into operative engagement with the carrying wheel to the left, and it would therefore be impracticable to transmit. through said carrying wheel, to the computing wheel on the left, an amount of rotation, namely, onetenth of a revolution, equal to that transmitted to said carrying Wheel from the computing wheel operated, since the first part of this rotation is made Without producing any motion of the said carrying Wheel. To overcome this ditliculty the rubber cylinder 121 may be used, for thereby, although the latter part of the motion of one-tenth of a revolution of the computing Wheel, after it comes in through operative engagement vvith the carrying vvheel on the lei't, is effective in imparting only a partial rotation to said carrying Wheel, yet this is suiiicient, for it sufficient to cause a projection of the Wheel 120 to engage the rubber cylinder 121, and since the latter is in constant rotation, the transfer shaft completes the vvorl: which `vas omitted by the computing Wheel in the first part of its rotation, and moves the pa rte through the remainder of the necessary rotation to rotate the computing Wheel on the left through one-tenth of a revolution. The, computing Wheel hence stands in such a position` when 9 or 0, that the carrying wheel on the ieft can be freely rotated in either direction. The lost motion of the computing vvheel on the right is compensated for by providing extraneous means for rotating the vvheel through the latter part of its movement. The rubber cylinder 1:21 may also be used in other connections or for other purposes, since in any event it may assist in completing the movements of the parts at the tens-carrying operation, particularly When tens are to be carried by a long rov.v of Wheels eonconiitantly.

ilccoudarg/ mech/znf'sm-w-'ilhe secondary mechanism is similar to that of the main in most respects. as. for instance, in the relation of the computing Wheels to the ligure ,rlieels, the general construction of the transfer shaft, and the clutch mechanism for shifting both the computing and transfer mechanism into any one of three positions to addn to subtract, or i'or throwing out of operation.

ln order to aline the figures on the gure wheels and to insure that the auxiliary transfer wheel not unduly rotated, there is provided, for each such auxiliary transfer Wheel, a dog- 130 12) having a rounded head which is pressed by a spring 131 into one of the concave sides of said auxiliary Wheel. 1t vvill thus be seen that each computing wheel cannot be advanced by the transfer mechanism more than onetenth of a revolution, first, because of the dog 130, and second. because of the conca vity of the sides of the auxiliary transfer' wheels, the points of which cannot take hold of the rubber body of the transfer :ihzift and rotate with it. unless positively forced thereinto.

The difference between the lower, or

horizontal, computing mechanism and that of the upper Will be best understood hy new describing the principal use for which the loiver mechanism is intended. This mechanism is designed principally for the purprso of obtaining cross totals of a horizontal series of independent columns of figures (un the same shaft. That is, Whereas the upper computing mechanism will furnish the totals for the several columns thereof, the loiver computing mechanism will furnish the total of all the figures in each lmri'zontal rou' through said columns. For this purpose, when it is desired to use this mechanism, it is provided, first, that the computing shaft of the lower mechanism rotates in unison vvith that of the upper mechanism, either in the same, or in the opposite direction, but always through the same angular distance, so that Whenever any angular movement is imparted to the upper computing shaft, and therefore to one of the upper computing wheels, a corresponding angular movement imparted to one of the hrr er computing vvheels. Secondly, to obdai a cross total of the figures of several columns, it is necessary that the corresponding computing Wheels of the horizontal or secondary computing mechanism should be engaged in succession by pairs of pins 97X on the horiontal computing shaft, simultaneously with the engagement of single pair of pins 9T on the upper shaft with the sucmassive computing wheels of the upper mechan i for the several columns. It is undeistood that the spacing of the driving pins 97X is varied to conform to the size of the horizontal computing mechanism. )leans are thus actuated by the operation of the numeral lzejvs, in connection with the typewriter carriage, for vertically comput- A a group of independent columns of figes o: ncomitantly, as the same are written e by side across the Work-sheet; While )plementary mechanism is provided for simultanerusly cross-computing the succesve lines which go to malte up said group vertical columns. rll`he computing mechanismrs, although haring preferably a tandem arrangement, are operated in unison, and may be operated in either' the same or opposite directions. The individual actuating device for the upper totalizer comprises the master vvieel 92 with its pins or teeth 97, and the actuating device individual to the lovfer or cross computer comprises the mas 'er vvheels or operating` pins 97X and the shaft 91X. Preferably, either actuator or master vvheel device is operable independently ot the other, by the manipulation of the state-controlling levers 111, 111x. Each of said levers may be set to neutral position, if desired. in order to silence the Comouting` mechanism while the typewriter carriage is in the computing Zone. An advantage is gained, moreover, in providing the additional silencing key 26, because it is practicable to move either lever 111 or 111* to silencing position while the other is in either adding or subtracting position, as may be required; and this relative adjustment of the levers need not be disturbed if it is desired to silence the computing mechanism, since it is only necessary to depress the key 2G. Subsequently the key 31 may be depressed to restore the computing mechanism to activity, without the necessity for remembering to re-adjust either the lever 111 or 111x, since they preserve the relative positions which they occupied prior to the depression of the silencing key 2G,

Either of the master Wheels may be set to addition, subtraction, or neutral while the other master wheel is set to either addition, subtraction, or neutral, thus making it possible to perform a great range of work on the machine. This is preferably accomplished by the provision of the shiftable means upon the shaft 104, which may turn in onlv a single direction, and which effects a cr connection between the two master wheel shafts 91 and 91X, the former being a. main shaft, and the latter a counter-shaft. to accord with the tandem or edge-to-edge arrangement of the master wheels.

The upper totalizer may be regarded as a primary adding device, upon which separate columns may be added individually; while the totalizer 75X may be employed, it desired, to accumulate all of the numbers included in all of the columns, thus giving a gross total of the entire sheet of figures. However, said totalizer 75X may be used, if desired, simply to secure the cross addition of the columns line by line; the same being restored to Zero at the conclusion of each lineof. writing, by shifting its state-controlling lever 111X to subtraction at the same time that the number which appears in 75X is written on the work-sheet. If this is done at the time that the last master wheel 97x is operating on the totalizer 75X, the latter will be returned to zero, while the corresponding` sub-total will be added in the extreme right-hand portion of the upper or main totalizer 75; and at this portion of the upper totalizer 75 will be shown the gross total of the entire series of columns showing on the work-sheet. If desired. however, the upper state-controlling lever 111 may be set to neutral while the total is being written and subtracted out of the cross totalizer 75X. This will permit the cross total to be written at any location across the work-sheet, and will also permit the entire multiple-length totalizer 75 to be employed for original addition.

If it is desired to perform subtraction in any computing zone on either one or both totalizers, or to perform subtraction on one while addition is performed on the other, it may be done by suitable manipulation of the state-controlling levers 111 and 111x.

Grouping/. The ligure wheels are visibly spaced into groups of three, each group, together with the spacing means, occupying four writing spaces of the typewriter. The spacing is preferably effected by the partitions, one of which is interposed between each group and the next, as shown in Fig. 1 and, occupies the fourth writing space, or a portion thereof. If only a portion, the figure wheels` should be made correspondingly wider, but always so that the sum of the widths of the three figure wheels, together with that of the spacing means, is equal to four writing spaces of the typewriter. Instead of using a partition to form the spacing means, there may be used double wheel 100, as shown in Fig. 11. r1`he partition is also preferably used to space the computing Wheels into groups of three, but instead of using the partition, each third wheel of the group may be made of eXtra width as shown at 95. `When the computing wheels are divided into grimps of three by the partition, the hub 136 of the computing wheel at the left of the group rotates in a recess in the partition, said hub and the hole in the partition being of sufficient internal diameter to permit the driving pins to revolve freely therein, so as to have no effect on the computing mechanism, in case the computing shaft should be rotated at the time the operating point of the typewriter is at any fourth space of the computing mechanism. In like manner the left transfer wheel of each group is either of extra width, as shown at 116. (Fig. 18) or as shown at 11Gy, extends through the partition, the four arms by which it receives its motion from the computing wheel on the right being on the right side of the partition and the gear wheel by which it transfers said motion to the computing wheel on the left being on the left side of the partition. This arrangement provides that, without disconnecting the numeral key levers from the computing mechanism. the machine is free to operate at each fourth writing space without affecting the computing wheels, so that this space can be used for pointing oil' the hundreds from the thousands. the thousands from the millitns, and so on, and for separating the different columns thereby avoiding any derangement of the computing mechanism or error on the computation through erroneously striking a numeral key at that point. For convenience in spacing the several columns. there are provided small cover plates 1l() slidable upon a suitable support adjacent to a slot, each cover plate being adapted to cover the right hand ligure wheel of a group, and the adjacent spacing means, thereby distinguishing the other two wheels of that group for computing cents, and spacing the same from the next group of figures; also by moving the cover plate to the beginning or to the end of any column said beginning or end may be more clearly defined.

In order to ascertain at any desired time the points at which computation is taking place, either in the main or in the horizontal Computing mechanism, there is provided a bar lll stationarily supported in front of the carriage and having an upwardly eX- tending pointer H12 which is in vertical alinement with the computing pins of the main computing shaft, and downwardly eX- tending pointers 142x which are in Vertical alinement with the computing pins of the auxiliary or horizontally computing shaft. The utility of these pointers is apparent.

Hest/Ming, and error c0rrcc0n.The subtractinO mechanism provides a convenient means for resetting to Zero, either for a single ligure wheel to correct an error, or for a series of figure wheels to begin a fresh computation. lf, just before writing any total, either of vertical or of horizontal computation, the computing mechanism be reversed, then, at the time of so writing the total, the ligure wheels giving such total will be thereby reset to Zero.

l. ln a computing attachment for a typewriter, the combination of numeral keys, case-shifting mechanism including a shift key, computing mechanism, links for operatively connecting said numeral keys w ith said computing mecl anism, a slide bar for smultaneously moving said links to connect or disconnect said computingl mechanism` and means actuated with the shift key for so shifting the slide bar, substantially as described.

2. ln a computing attachment for a types writer, the combination of numeral keys, case-shifting mechanism includingl key levers, a shift key. computing mechanism. links for connecting said levers with the, computingl merhanisn'i. means carried by said key levers adapted to be engaged by said links, a slide for simultaneously shifting all of said links to so engage said means. and means actuated by the depression of the shift key. for shifting said slide bar to disengage said links. substantially as described.

3. In a computingr attachment for a typeA writer, the combination of numeral keys. case-shifting mechanism including key levers, a shift key. computing; mechanism. links for connecting said levers with the computing niechanism. means carried by said key levers adapted to be engaged by said links, a slide for simultaneously shifting all of said links to so engage said means, means actuated by the depression of the shift key for shifting said slide bar to disengage said links, and a device for shifting said slide bar independently of the shift key, substantiall)v as described.

l. ln a computing attachment for a typewriter, the combination of numeral keys, case-shifting mechanism including a shift key, computing mechanism, connections between said numeral keys and computing mechanism, means whereby the operation of the shift key disconnects said connections. an independent key for disconnecting said connections from the numeral keys, and a second independent key for again normally connecting them, substantially as described.

.3. ln a computing attachment for typewriters, the combination of a numeral key, a rotary controller, bolts therein, a corre sponding series of bell crank levers, rods connected with the bell crank levers and operatively connected with said numeral keys. cach bell crank lcver when actuated being adapted to project a bolt through the controller. an escalwment device for arresting the said controller. and means for actuating said cscapement derice. con'iprising a slidable rod, a disk carried thereby having openings through which the first named rods pass, said disk being` adapted to be moved by any one of the bell crank levers when operated, and a lever operatively connected with said rod and with the escapement to withdraw the same. substantially as described.

u. In an apparatus of the character described. the combination of a step-by-step vfeeding carriage having upper and lower computing mechanisms. individual parallel actuating shafts for said mechanisms, each shaft carrying a master wheel, and means independent of either of said mechanisms, whereby said shafts may be, rotated in unison. substantially as described.

T. In an apparatus of the character described. the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having upper and lower computing mechanisms having fixed positions therein. individual parallel actuating; shafts for said mechanisi'ns. each shaft carrying a master wheel. and means. independent of either of said mechanisms, whereby said shafts may be rotated in unison, substantially as described.

8. ln an apparatus of the character described. the combination of a typewriter carriage. a frame haring upper and lower computing mechanisms having fixed positions herein. moving in a step by step movement with the typewriter carriage at the same direction through the entire travel of the latter, individual pi rallel actuating shaf s for raid inechanisnis. and means, independent of either of said mechanisms, whereby said shafts may be rotated in unison, substantially as described.

9. ln an apparatus of the character desie scribed, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having two series of computing mechanisms having a tandem arrangement, an actuating shaft foreach mechanism, whereby each actuating shaft exclusively actuates its corresponding mechanism, and means whereby said actuating shafts may be rotated in unison. substantially as described.

10. In an apparatus of the character described, the con'ibinaton of upper and lower computing mechanisms each having a series of computing devices, a frame in which said mechanisms are lixedly secured. individual shafts with actuators thereon for the respective mechanisms, and means for causing` said actuators to engage in succession simultaneously the computing devices of the two mechanisms, substantially as described.

11. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a frame. a plurality of computing mechanisms, fixed relatively to the frame and each having a sei'ies of computing devices. individual actuator shafts and actuators thereon. means for operatively connecting said shafts. each actuator shaft exclusively rotating the computing devices of the corresponding mechanism, and means whereby the actuators of the respective shafts can be caused to simultaneously engage the computing devices of the two mechanisms.

12. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having upper and lower computii'ig mechanisms. individual parallel actuating shafts for said mechanisms. xach shaft carrying a master wheel, and means. independent of either of said mechanisms, for rotating said shafts in unison either in the same or in opposite directions.

1?). In an apparatus of thc character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having upper and lower computing mechanisms having fixed positions thereon, individual parallel actuating' shafts for said mechanisms. each shaft cai'- rying a master wheel` and means. independent of either of said mechanisi'ns, for rotating said shafts in unison either' in the same or in opposite directions.

'14. In an apparatus of the character described. the combination of a typewriter carriage, a frame having upper and lower computing mechanisms having fixed positions therein, moving in a step by step movement with the typewriter carriage in the same direction through the entire travel of the latter. individual pa allel actuating shafts for said mechanisms, and means, independent of either of said mechanisms, for rotating said shafts in unison either in the same or in opposite directions.

15. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having two series of computing mechanisms. an actuating shaft for each mechanism, each shaft carrying a master wheel, means for enabling each actuating shaft to exclusively actuate its corresponding mechanism and means for rotating said shafts in unison either in the same or in opposite directions.

1G. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carriage having upper and lower computing mechanisms. individual parallel actuating shafts for said mechanisms, and means, independent of either of said mechanisms, for rotating either of said shafts independently of the other in either direction.

17. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage. computing mechanisms, individual parallel actuating shafts for said mechanisms, each shaft carrying a master wheel. and means for rotating either of said shafts either indeiwndently of or simultaneouly with the other in either direction.

I8. In an apparatus of the character described. the combination of a typewriter carriage, a frame having uppe and lower computing mechanisms having fixed positions therein,moving in a step by step Inovement with the typewriter carriage in the same direction through the entire travel of the latter. individual parallel actuating shafts for said mechanisms, and means, independent of either of said mechanisms, for rotating either of said shafts in either direction while the other shaft is stationary.

19. In an apparatus of the character described. the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having two series of computing mechanisms. an actuating shaft foi each mechanism, each shaft carrying a master wheel. means whereby each actuating shaft exclusively actuates its corresponding mechanism, and means actuated independently of either mechanism for rotating either of said shafts independently of the other in either direction, substantially as described.

20. In an apparatus of the character described. the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having two series of computing devices, an operating shaft for each series, each shaft carrying a master wheel, and means for rotating said shafts in unison. either in the same or in opposite directions.

21. In an apparatus of the character described. the combination of two series of computing devices. a separate and independently operable computing shaft for each series, each shaft being operable while the other is motionless, and means for rotating said shafts in unison.

22. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of two seriesof computing devices, a separate computing shaft for each series, means for producing a relative longitudinal movement of each shaft and its corresponding series of computing devices, one of said shafts having a single operating means adapted to engage in succession the computing devices, and the other of said shafts having a longitudinal series of such operating means, and means for rotating said shafts in unison.

23. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a typewriter having a paper carriage, of a computing carriage, and means whereby said computing carriage moves with the paper carriage in the same direction and with the same speed, said computing carriage having two series of computing devices, a separate and independently operable operating shaft for each series, and means for rotating said shafts in unison.

24. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a typewriter' having a paper carriage, of a computing carriage, and means whereby said computing carriage moves with the paper carriage in the same direction and with the same speed, said computing carriage having two series of computing devices, separate and independently operable operating means for the two series, and means to cause said operating means to operate simultaneously and in unison upon the computing devices of the two series to rotate them at all times through the same angular distance.

25. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a typewriter having a paper carriage, of a computing carriage, means for causing said computing carriage to move with said paper car- 'iage in the same direction and at the same speed, said computing carriage having two series of computing devices, separate and independently operable shafts for said series, means for rotating said shafts in unison, one of said shafts having thereon a plurality of means for operatively connecting said shaft with the computing devices of its series, whereby cach computing device may be actuated ay plurality of times in succession in a complete movement of the computing and paper carriages.

26. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a computing mechanism consisting of a series of computing devices, a shaft for operating said devices, means for producing1 a relative movement of the shaft and computing devices, a plurality of parts carried by the shaft and longitudinally spaced from each other at equal distances on said shaft and arranged to act in succession upon said computing devices in said relative movement, and means for changing the direction of rotation of said shaft at any point desired in said relative movement.

E27. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of numeral keys, a carriage, a series of computing devices, a shaft for operating said computing devices, means for effecting relative movement between said computing devices and said shaft, a plurality of parts spaced on the shaft and adapted to engage said computing devices in succession, means actuated through the operation of a numeral key for rotating said shaft, and means for reversing the direction of said shaft at any point in the movement of the computing device.

28. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carriage having two series of computing mechanisms, an actuating shaft for each mechanism, means to enable each actuating shaft eX- clusively to actuate its corresponding mechanism and means to cause said shafts to rotate in unison either in the same or in opposite directions.

29. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carriage having ripper and lower series of computing devices, parallel shafts for individually actuating said series, one of said shafts having thereon a plurality of longitudinally spaced devices for operating in succession the computing devices of its series, and means to cause said operating shafts to rotate in unison.

30. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having computing mechanisms, individual parallel actuating shafts for said mechanisms, each shaft carrying a master wheel, and means, independent of either of said mechanisms, for rotating either of said shafts independently of the other.

31. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having upper and lower computing mechanisms having fixed positions thereon, individual parallel actuating shafts for said mechanisms, each shaft carrying a master wheel, and means, independent of either of said mechanisms, for rotating either of said shafts independently of the other in either direction.

32. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step .feeding carriage having two series of computing devices, an operating shaft for each series, one of said shafts carrying a master wheel and another of said shafts having thereon a plurality of longitudinally-spaced mast-er wheels for operating upon said computing devices in succession, and means for rotating either shaft independently of the other in either direction.

33. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of two series of computing mechanisms, individual shafts for said computing mechanisms, means for producing a relative movement of said shafts and computing mechanisms, the second shaft having thereon a plurality7 of longitudinally spaced actuators for operating in succession upon the computing devices of its mechanism, and the first shaft having a single such actuator, the first series of computing mechanisms being divided into as many totalizers as there are actuators on said second shaft, and means for rotating said shafts in unison.

34. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of two series of computing mechanisms, individual shafts for said computingmechanisms, means for producing a relative movement of said shafts and computing mechanisms, the second shaft having thereon a plurality of longitudinally spaced actuators for operating in succession upon the computing devices of its mechanism, and the first shaft having a single such actuator, the first series of computing mechanisms being divided into as many totalizers as there are actuators on said second shaft, and means for rotating said shafts in unison.

85. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of two series of computing mechanisms, individual shafts for said computing mechanisms, means for producing a relative movement of said shafts and computing mechanism, the second shaft having thereon a plurality of longitudinally spaced actuators for operating in succession upon the computing devices of its mechanism, and the first shaft having a single such actuator, the first series of computing mechanisms being divided into as many totalizers as there are actuators on said second shaft, and means for rotating said shafts in unison.

36. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having two series of computing devices, an operating shaft for each series, one of said shafts carrying a master wheel and another of said shafts having thereon a plurality of longitudinally-spaced master wheels for operating upon said computing devices in succession, and means for rotating said shafts in unison, either in the same or in the opposite direction.

37. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having two series of computing devices, an operating shaft for each series, one of said shafts carrying a master wheel and another of said shafts having thereon a plurality of longitudinally-spaced master wheels for operating upon said computing devices in succession, and means for rotating said shafts in unison, either of said shafts being operable independently of the other.

3S. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a step-by-step feeding carriage having two series of computing devices, an operating shaft for each series, one of said shafts carrying a master wheel and another of said shafts having thereon a plurality of longitudinaily-spaced master wheels for operating upon said computing devices in succession, and means for rotating said shafts in unison, either of said shafts being disconnectible from the rotating means independently of the other.

39. In an apparatus of the characterdescribed, the combination of a series of computing wheels, a hollow shaft passing therethrough, and a torque-transmitting shaft within the hollow shaft, having a sleeve thereon with a cross-section corresponding to the crosssection of the hollow shaft, said slr-eve having a rounded hub upon which the end of the hollow shaft rests, and said sleeve having a part extending radially beyond said hollow shaft and adapted to engage said computing wheels to rotate the same.

40. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a series of computing wheels, a torque-transmitting shaft passing through said computing wheels, a series of sleeves thereon having an internal cross-section corresponding to the cross section of the shaft, each sleeve being provided with means for engaging a computing wheel to rotate the same and having on each side of said means a hub, tubes between the sleeves, their ends supported on said hubs, and means for rotating said shaft.

41. In an apparatus of the character' de scribed, the combination of a series of computing devices, means for imparting rotary motion thereto, and means for carrying :i from one device to the next, comprising a transfer shaft, and means for imparting to said shaft a constant rotation.

42. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a series of com puting wheels,a computing shaft,a transfer' shaft for carrying from one computing wheel to the next, a motor, a connection between said motor and transfer shaft, for ro tating the latter shaft uninterruptedly from the movement of the motor, and a connection between the motor and the computing shaft, for permitting thc latter to rotate only upon the depression of a numeral key.

43. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination of a series of computing wheels, a series of gear wheels, geared to said computing wheels, each gear wheel having secured thereto a star-shaped wheel with concave sides and a shaft freely rotated in the concavity of any ot said sides and adapted to engage an intermediate portion ot said wheel when. the latter has been turned, and means for rtating the latter shaft. substantially as described.

44. ln an apparatus of the character described, the combination of computing wheels, a ot gear `wheels. geared to said computing Waeels, each gear wheel having secured thereto a starshaped wheel with concave sides and a shaft freely rotated in the concavity olI any ot' said sides and adapted to engage an intermediate por tion et said Wheel ulien the latter has been turned, and means for coustaiitly rotating the l tter shai't, substantially as described..

ln an app ratus oi' the character described. the combination ot a series oi com uiting wheels, a series ol' gear vxnecls, geared to computing .vhecls, each gear vvlieel having secured thereto a star-shaped n heel vvitn concave sides and a sha'lt having a yielding lua-ily portion and freely rotated in the ccncavity of any oi said sides and alla =tcd to encrage au internuuliate portiiiu oi' said wheel when the latter has lyieen turned, und mean: `for ro' ting the latter shaft, substantiall as def 'ribed 4G. In an apparatus ci' the character described, the combination of a series of cour puting wheels, a computing shaft, a transfer shaft for carrying from one computing vallee-l to the next, a motor, a connection ce tween said motor and transfer shaft, for rotating the latter shaft uninterruptedly from the movement ot' the motor, a connection between the motor and the computing shaft, ior permitting the latter to rotate only upon the depression of a numeral key, and means tor reversing the direction ot rotation of both shafts` V1LT. In an apparatus` oi the character dcscribed, the combination of a series ot compu ing Wheels, transfer Wheels for carryini; irom one computing wheel to the neXt,

aiii'iliary transfer wheels meshing with the computing wheels. and a transfer shatt adapted to engage the auxiliary transfer Wheels to suliicicntly complete the rotation of the same when partly turned by the computiug Wheels, said auxiliary Wheels having concave sides, and the transfer shaft being adapted to rotate freely in the concavity ot' ay side but to engage the intermediate portion when the corresponding wheelv is partly advanced, substantially as described.

4.8. In an apparatus of the character dcscribed, the combination of a series of computing Wheels, a series of gear Wheels, geared to said computing Wheels, each gear wheel having secured thereto a star-shaped wheel with concave sides and a shaft freely rotated in the concavity of any of said sides and adapted to engage an intermediate portion ot said wheel when the latter has been turned. a spring-actuated locking device adapted to engage another of said concavitics. and means for rotating the latter shaft,

istantially as described.

4i). The combination ot typewriting and computing mechanism, means for connecting said computing mechanism with the niuueral keys of the typewriter whereby said computing mechanism vill be operated by the operating oi the numeral keys, means for disconni'ecting the same, whereby said numeral keys may be operated Without opA erating said computing mechanism, means actuated by the depression of a key for con necting said computing` mechanism with the numeral keys of the typewriter so tha said mechanism will be operated by the depres sion o" a numeral key, a third key and means for automatically disconnecting said con'iputing mechanism from said numeral keys. by the operation of said third key.

50. The combination with a plurality of computing devices having a tandem arrangement. cf a pluralityr o1 actuating means for entering a series or distinct numbers separately and independently of one another in one of said devices ineffecting a series or' separate and independent vertical computations. and concomitantly running up a single intercomputation of the same numbers in anc-ther of said devices to effect cross computation, and a train ot' driving mechanism extending from one of said actuating means to the other.

51. The combination with a plurality of computing devices rigidly connected, of actuating means for entering a series ot' distinct numbers separately and independently ot' one another in one of said devices in effecting a series of separate and independent vertical computations, and concomitantly running up a single intercomputation of the same numbers in another of said levices to effect cross computation, and saiftable computationcontrolling means en abling said devices to act in unison as to the character of calculation.

52. The combination With a plurality of computing devices rigidly connected, of actuating means for entering a series of d tinct numbers separately and independently ot one another in one of said devices in ef- 'fecting a series of separate and independent vertical computations, and concomitantly running up a single intel-computation of the saine numbers in another of said devices to ell'ect cross computation, and computa tion-controlling means enabling said devices to act in unison as to the character of calculation and also enabling different types of calculation to be carried on at different points in one of said devices during one and the same movement thereof.

53. The combination With a plurality of lll) computing devices, of actuating means for entering a series of distinct numbers separately and independently of one another in one of said devices in efecting a series of separate and independent computations, and concomitantly running up a single intercomputation of the same numbers in another of said devices to efect cross computation, and shiftable computationcontrolling means enabling said devices in simultaneous operation to act either oppositely or in agreement as to the character of calculation.

The combination With a plurality of computing devices, of a carriage, actuating means to cooperate with said carriage for entering a series of' distinct numbers separately and independently of one another in one of said devices in effecting a series of separate and independent vertical computations, and concomitantly running up a single inter-computation of the same numbers in another of said devices to effect cross computation, and computation-controlling means enabling` said devices to act in agree ment or disagreement as to the character of calculation7 said computation-controlling means shiftable at different points in the progress of said carriage, to enable different types of calculation to be carried on at different points in one of said devices during one and the same movement of said carriage.

55. The combina-tion of a plurality of superposed coi'nputing heads or totalizing devices rigidlyT connected to travel together at all times; one being arranged to accumulate amounts of a series of individual columns, and the other being arranged to accumulate the entire total of all of said columns.

58. The combination of a plurality of superposed computing heads or totalizing devices rigidly connected to travel together at all times; one being arranged to accumulate amounts of a series of individual columns, and the other being arranged to accumulate the entire total of all of said columns, and indexing means for indicating the active element of each device at all points of the movement thereof.

5T. IThe combination with a typewriting mechanism including numeral keys arranged to cause the writing of numerals and characters other than numerals, shifting means for determining the characters Written at the actuation of said numeral keys, computingl mechanism, connections between said computing mechanism and said keys, means controlled by said shifting means for disconnecting said computing mechanism from said numeral keys, other means for disconnecting said computing mechanism from said numeral keys to render said computing mechanism inactive, and means operated at the actuation of said last-mentioned means for disconnecting` said shitting means from said computing mechanism.

5S. The combination with a typewriting mechanism including numeralkeys arranged to cause the writing of numerals and characters other than numerals. shifting means for determining the characters written at the actuation ot said numeral keys, computing mechanism, connections between said computing mechanism and said keys, means controlled by said shifting means for disconnecting said computing mechanism from said numeral keys, other means for disconnecting said computing mechanism, from said nume al keys to render said computing mechanism inactive, means operated at the actuation of said lastlmentioned means for disconnecting said shitting means from said computing mechanism, and means for delaying the` disconnection of said comput ing mechanism from said numeral keys until said computing' mechanism has been disconnected from said shifting means.

59. The combination with a typeu'riting mechanism including numeral keys, of a computing mechanism actuable from said numeral keys, a shift key for determining the characters Written by said numeral keys, means for disconnecting said computing mechanism ltrom said numeral keys at the actuation of .said shift key, a key for controlling the connection of said computing mechanism to said numeral keys to determine the active periods of said coml'iuting mecnanism, and connections operated by said last'mentioned key for disconnecting said means from said shift key, so as to tree the control of said computing mechanism trom said shift key when said computing mechanism is disconnected from said numeral key by said last-mentioned key.

60. The combination with a typcwriting mechanism including numeral keys, of a computing mechanism actuable from said numeral keys, a shift key for determining the characters Written by said numeral keys, means for disconnecting said computing mechanism from said numeral keys at the actuation of said shift key, a key for con trolling the connection of said computing mechanism to said numeral keys to determine the active periods of said computing mechanism, connections operated by said last-mentioned key for disconnecting said means from said shift key, so as to free the control of said computing mechanism from said shift key when said computing mechanism is disconnect-ed from said numeral key by said last-mentioned key, and yielding means for delaying the disconnection of said computing mechanism from said numeral keys until after said means has been disconnected from said shift key.

61. The combination with a typewriting 

